Indian Health and Safety Legislation: Safety Officer Requirement.

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Industrial Health and Safety blogs. What are the Indian Health and Safety Legislation Requirement for  "Safety Officer"  in different states? Ans: Section 40-B. Safety Officers According to The Factories Act 1948 In every factory :- wherein  one thousand(1000) or more workers are ordinarily employed , or wherein, in the  opinion of the State Government , any manufacturing process or operation is carried on, which  process or operation involves any risk of bodily injury ,  poisoning or disease or any other hazard to health, to the person employed in the factory , the occupier shall, if so required by the State Government by notification in Official Gazette, employ such number of Safety Officers as may be specified in that notification. UTTAR PRADESH FACTORY RULES 1950 and Uttar Pradesh Factories (Safety Officers) Rules, 1984 THE TAMILNADU FACTORIES RULES, 1950, The Tamil Nadu Safety Officers (Duties, Qualifications and Condi
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What is Human error in accident? What are the types of failure? How accident at workplace happened due to human error?

What is Human error in accident? What are the types of failure? How accident at workplace happened due to human error?

Human error means deviation from set of prescribed actions intended to perform by the worker at workplace for his job results into accident/ incident. Human error can be related with the human behavior. Identification of human error, corrective and preventive actions for mitigating human error can help to reduce the accident / incident at workplace.



There are broadly two types of failures .i.e. Active and Latent.

Active failures mean failures done by individual worker or operator. These types of failures are direct cause of the accident/ incident and consequence can be seen immediately after the failure. Few examples are as below:

Incorrect selection of tools,

Wrong switch operated,

Over speeding,

Fail to isolate the equipment at workplace during maintenance job lead to accident/ incident.


Latent Failure means failures of organisation which results into repeated accident/ incident and these failures can increase probability of active failures. i.e. Failures by individual worker. Few examples are as below:

Improper allocation of duties, roles among employees,

Damage equipment,

Inadequate resources,

Inadequate planning, policies etc.

Human failure modal on the basis of Reason 1990 explains intentional and unintentional errors as below:

Human Failure can be divided between Violation (Intentional) and Human error (Unintentional)
Violation further categorized as Routine, Situational and Exceptional whereas Human error can be divided as Mistakes and skill based errors. Mistakes can be Rule based and knowledge based, whereas skill based errors can be divided into Slips of action and lapses of memory.

Violation means intentional and routine violation can be happen due to individual human behavior or due to the constraints in performing the job like shortcuts by operator because of improper workplace design.

Situational violation can be result of work pressure, demand or due to hurry to complete the job.
Exceptional violation where individual violates in attempting to complete the productivity in rare situation.














I am a Health and Safety professional writing blogs related to Industrial Health and Safety. I am qualified from Regional labor institute India and International Diploma from NEBOSH.

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